The total amount of direct damage caused to Ukraine's infrastructure as a result of Russia's full-scale invasion reached almost $170 billion, KSE Institute estimated as of November 2024. Compared to the beginning of 2024, this figure has increased by $12.6 billion.
- Direct damage to the housing sector is estimated at $60 billion. As of November 2024, 236,000 residential buildings were damaged or destroyed, of which 209,000 were private houses, 27,000 were apartment buildings, and 600 were dormitories. In terms of regions, the greatest damage was suffered by Donetsk, Kharkiv, Luhansk, Kyiv, Chernihiv, and Kherson regions. The housing and communal services sector (boiler houses, heating networks, etc.) lost $3.5 billion.
- Transport infrastructure losses amounted to $38.5 billion. More than 26,000 km of roads were damaged and destroyed, losses – $28.3 billion. Losses to rail transport amounted to $4.3 billion, port infrastructure – $0.85 billion, aviation industry – $2 billion. Direct losses to private passenger transport are estimated at $2.2 billion – 260,000 cars were destroyed or damaged.
- The energy sector of Ukraine lost $14.6 billion. The Kakhovka and Dniprovska HPPs, Trypilska and Zmiivska TPPs were completely destroyed, a significant part of other generating capacities, as well as high-voltage substations and oil and gas infrastructure facilities were damaged or destroyed.
Industry, construction and the service sector suffered losses of $14.4 billion. As of November 2024, almost half a thousand large and medium-sized private and state-owned enterprises were destroyed or seriously damaged. - Agricultural losses – $10.3 billion. More than 130,000 units of agricultural machinery were lost, 4 million tons of grain storage facilities and 16,000 hectares of perennial crops were destroyed or damaged. 298,000 hectares of forests were damaged due to hostilities and fires, the losses are estimated at $4.5 billion.
- Educational infrastructure losses – $7.3 billion, more than 4,000 educational institutions were damaged or destroyed.
- Healthcare lost $4.3 billion, a total of 1,554 medical facilities were damaged.
Cultural heritage, sports and tourism facilities suffered damage worth $4 billion. 3,921 cultural facilities, 399 religious buildings, 343 sports complexes were damaged. - Digital infrastructure and the telecommunications sector suffered direct losses of $1.2 billion. Internet networks, mobile radio networks, and trunk lines were damaged. In the deoccupied territories, the destruction of networks reached 100% in some places, and thousands of mobile base stations were destroyed.
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